Dozens of watts of desert solar panels

Can solar panels cool the desert?

A new study published in Scientific Reports focuses on the Gonghe Photovoltaic Park in Qinghai’s Talatan Desert, showing that solar panels can cool, moisten, and even gree n the surrounding land. While the long-term effects remain uncertain, the findings challenge the assumption that renewable infrastructure leaves desert ecosystems untouched.

How does solar energy work in the Sahara Desert?

Solar energy harnesses sunlight using photovoltaic (PV) panels. These panels convert sunlight into electricity through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. The Sahara Desert, receiving sunlight nearly all year long, provides an ideal location for large-scale solar farms.

How much solar power is needed in the Sahara Desert?

Covering just 1.2% of the Sahara Desert—about 110,000 square kilometers—could theoretically generate 28,000 TWh annually, exceeding global needs. This calculation assumes an average solar panel efficiency of 20%. With advancements in solar technology, efficiencies are increasing, meaning even less land might be needed in the future.

How do solar panels affect life in the desert?

The constant shade provided by the panels creates a microclimate that is more conducive to life, reducing temperature extremes and evaporation rates. The altered energy distribution at the desert’s surface, caused by the solar panels, has created conditions that are surprisingly favorable for life.